ETS Praxis Audiology Practice Test

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• An otologically normal 13-year-old with PTA 50 dB, SRT 20 dB, and WRS 100% at 50 dB; which step is most appropriate next?
• What does ascending-threshold measurement technique aim to achieve in audiometry?
• Which statement about nystagmus caused by a labyrinthine lesion is most accurate?
• Which test component uses a performance-intensity function to help differentiate retrocochlear from cochlear pathology?
• A 7-year-old child with recurrent otitis media presents with inattentiveness and requests repetitions; pure-tone thresholds are borderline normal and tympanometry shows flat type B curves in both ears with a 15 dB air-bone gap bilaterally. What is the most appropriate next step?
• Which professional should evaluate persistent middle-ear dysfunction after tubes?
• A patient has unilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss with significant decay of the stapedial reflex and no identifiable waves on auditory brainstem response. The pattern most strongly suggests which type of disorder?
• The ANSI standard for classroom acoustics (ANSI/ASA S12.60) specifies recommendations for unoccupied classrooms. The recommended noise level and reverberation time are
• A caloric test shows a left unilateral weakness. Which statement is most accurate?
• Gestational age is more informative than chronological age for interpreting certain infant auditory measures. Which of the following is most affected by gestational age?
• Which pediatric word-recognition test is designed for children who cannot participate verbally, relying on picture identification?
• Individuals with normal hearing in one ear and severe hearing loss in the other ear typically show which effect when noise is closer to the ear with hearing loss?
• Prematurity affects the latency of certain auditory measures due to the maturation of myelinization. This primarily influences the latencies of which measure up to about 18 months?
• Which type of otoacoustic emission is elicited when the ear is stimulated by two different pure tones, requiring two oscillators and two attenuators?
• Which test compares air conduction to bone conduction to detect conductive loss?
• Which is the most appropriate course of action when testing a native Spanish speaker with limited English and no Spanish testing materials available?
• Which test is an objective assessment of cochlear status that does not require a behavioral response from the patient?
• Which analysis parameter is most affected when auditory brainstem response testing is conducted with supra-aural earphones rather than insert earphones?
• Which factor most strongly predicts successful adaptation to a new hearing aid?
• For a child with moderate sensorineural hearing loss using binaural hearing aids who struggles in noise, what is the best recommendation?
• Based on audiometric pattern showing unilateral left-ear loss with poor word recognition and SRT discrepancy, the site of lesion is most likely retrocochlear in origin.
• In the audiovisual CST v3 testing, improvement in speech recognition for the auditory-plus-visual mode was observed at which head angle?
• Which speech-recognition materials yield the steepest performance-intensity function?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of the Client Oriented Scale of Improvement (COSI) in rehabilitation planning?
• Which condition is a bilateral benign bony growth of the external ear most commonly found in individuals with a history of cold-water swimming?
• If caloric testing shows unilateral weakness with normal saccades and smooth pursuit, what is the most likely interpretation?
• In pediatric screenings, acoustic immittance measures are used because they can detect middle-ear pathology even when pure-tone thresholds are normal. Which statement best summarizes this practice?
• Which of the following is a common medication known to be ototoxic?
• The cochlear implant signal-processing strategy in which brief pulses are presented to each electrode in a nonoverlapping sequence is known as
• In caloric testing, an interaural asymmetry of 12% is considered:
• Why is a high-frequency probe such as 1000 Hz preferred over 226 Hz for infant tympanometry?
• A patient reports gradual bilateral hearing loss that worsens over time and notes that speech is clearer in noisy environments than in quiet. What is the most likely type of hearing loss?
• A patient wearing a behind-the-ear hearing aid reports a hollow sound, with her own voice sounding as if it were in a barrel. Which adjustment would be most helpful?
• The caloric test stimulates which structure?
• Given inconsistent data where an acoustic reflex threshold is absent at 2000 Hz in the left ear, which explanation is most likely?
• To improve a student's understanding of speech in noise while using a hearing aid, which intervention is most effective?
• Which statement accurately describes the occlusion effect observed during bone-conduction testing?
• In a study where the same participants are tested at multiple head angles, which design is used?
• What is the optimal stimulation rate range for determining thresholds using a click-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR)?
• In the head-angle study using a behind-the-ear hearing aid with directional and omnidirectional microphone modes, improvement in speech recognition for the auditory-only presentation occurred at which head angles compared with 0°?
• The acoustic reflex involves contraction of which muscle and is mediated by which cranial nerve?
• Which finding is most indicative of retrocochlear pathology in unilateral hearing loss?
• What head-angle values were tested in the speech recognition study?
• Which statement is true about billing CPT code 92557 for a routine hearing screening?
• During subjective verification of hearing-aid directionality, a patient reports that noises from behind the listener sound louder than expected. What is the most likely cause?
• Which earmold modification best emphasizes high-frequency amplification for precipitously sloping high-frequency loss?
• What is the recommended step when a very young child is identified with severe-profound hearing loss, to ensure timely amplification?
• A patient reports tinnitus in both ears but no major hearing loss on self-report. Which finding is most likely on pure-tone audiometry?
• Which vestibular test assesses information about the left horizontal semicircular canal independently from the right?
• An audiologist sees his professor entering a hotel room on a Saturday with a woman who is not his wife. What action should the audiologist take?
• A 2-year-old child with recurrent serous otitis media and mild conductive loss; the most appropriate first action?
• Which test is used to assess vestibular function by using caloric irrigation?
• In a study that manipulates head angle as the independent variable under controlled conditions to assess speech recognition in noise, which design best describes the study?
• Which test most directly predicts the presence of a conductive hearing loss?
• Which is the most sensitive measure of VIIIth-nerve dysfunction?
• For Visual Reinforcement Audiometry testing in a 6-month-old, which ability indicates readiness?
• What is the most commonly accepted reason for not using 250 Hz in identification audiometry in a school environment?
• Which type of speech recognition materials is most appropriate to help rule out a retrocochlear lesion by using open-set, phonetically balanced word lists presented at several intensity levels?
• According to the plateau method for determining true thresholds, the test-ear threshold remains stable over a range of at least how many dB increase in masking intensity?
• According to PL 99-457, a child under 2 with a hearing loss is entitled to which service plan?
• Which child should be referred to a speech-language pathologist?
• An adult with progressive sensorineural hearing loss is no longer able to use a standard telephone at work. The managing audiologist should assist the patient with
• Among nonsyndromic clefts of the lip and palate, which type of hearing loss is most common?
• Unilateral absence of the acoustic reflex due to left-sided VIIth nerve pathology would be best described as which of the following?
• Reduced visual function that can complicate planning for aural rehabilitation is most likely found in patients with hearing loss who have which condition?
• Which hearing-aid input transducer is specifically sensitive to electromagnetic energy?
• Which description best reflects the compression parameters used with wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) in a hearing aid?
• To minimize exacerbation of tinnitus, which factor should be avoided?
• Which S/N value indicates a statistically significant difference in mean word recognition scores across four word lists when tested at various levels?
• What is the most appropriate action when counseling a patient with a hearing impairment?
• Videonystagmography results are often used to determine the probable side of vestibular weakness. Which item best reflects this purpose?
• In cisplatin ototoxicity, what is the typical sequence of sensory loss?
• Which combination of audiometric results in an adolescent would suggest nonorganic hearing loss?
• Which cues are primarily used to localize a sound with energy centered at 700 Hz in a normally hearing person?
• A concert venue example shows that at 20 meters from the stage the average SPL is 65 dB. If you move to 10 meters, the SPL will average which value?
• In a patient with an asymmetrical audiometric configuration, what is the appropriate next step?
• Unilateral left-ear hearing loss with a significant discrepancy between speech reception threshold and word recognition scores suggests what?
• What method is most valid for monitoring progress in a 5-year-old in aural rehabilitation?
• Which formants are most useful in recognition of vowels?
• A 13-month-old child has been diagnosed with severe-profound hearing loss. The audiologist discusses options with the parents, who have read online information. What should be the recommended first step for the parents?
• In audiometric testing, a false-positive response means that the
• Which is the best indicator that a first-time hearing aid wearer is showing early positive acceptance?
• An audiometer attenuator is set to 0 dB HL. Which statement about the sound-pressure level output at the earphone is true?
• Which condition is the most likely cause of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in children?
• Which AI-DI value is considered best for a directional microphone performing in noise?
• Endolymphatic hydrops in Ménière's disease expands the apical region of the cochlea, leading to diminished low-frequency hearing. Which frequency range is typically affected first?
• Which of the following is commonly associated with pediatric balance disorders and may require vestibular referral?
• Mr. Jones is a 92-year-old man with moderate sensorineural hearing loss, dementia, reduced manual dexterity, and limited finances who wants amplification. Which amplification device is most appropriate?
• A vestibular evaluation reports a 50 percent right caloric weakness with left-beating head-shake nystagmus and no positional nystagmus. Which diagnosis best fits this pattern?
• Which word recognition test is appropriate for a 5-year-old child with otitis media and a severe articulation disorder, requiring no verbal participation?
• In the management of pediatric patients with suspected middle-ear dysfunction due to persistent otitis media, what is the recommended initial action?
• The Stenger test is used to detect nonorganic hearing loss in patients with asymmetric thresholds.
• An audiologist quits mid-day leaving patients without coverage; which statement is true regarding professional duty?
• The key consideration that calls for sterilization rather than disinfection is that the equipment
• When cost is a concern, which amplification option is typically most cost-effective and easy to use?
• Investigators limit a hearing aid's OSPL90 for children compared with adults primarily because
• Which is the most likely cause of Jon's hearing problems after aminoglycoside antibiotic treatment?
• For a patient with normal hearing up to 1500 Hz and a bilateral sharply sloping high-frequency loss, what amplification system is most appropriate?
• Which semicircular canal is closest to the tympanic membrane and most affected by caloric testing?
• Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions are most likely to be recorded from the ears of individuals with which condition?
• Which statement about speechreading measures is most accurate?
• Auditory brainstem response testing shows a prolonged interval between waves I and V. This finding is most consistent with which condition?
• Which of the following best describes insertion loss?
• A patient reports nicking the chorda tympani during otosclerosis surgery; which symptom is likely reported?
• For real-ear measurements, where should the probe tube be placed to measure the SPL at the tympanic membrane most accurately?
• A head injury involving a transverse fracture of the temporal bone through the otic capsule is most likely to produce which type of hearing loss?
• Which adjustment can reduce the impact of low-level ambient noise in digital behind-the-ear hearing aids?
• Which finding best supports a retrocochlear etiology for unilateral hearing loss?
• Eight weeks after round-window fistula repair in the left ear, what action should the audiologist take first?
• A 1000 Hz tympanogram on a month-old infant yields a type B result, while a 226 Hz tympanogram yields a type A. The discrepancy is most likely due to
• Using a physician's National Provider Identifier (NPI) for billing instead of the audiologist’s own NPI can lead to which outcome?
• The most important information to include in any written report of a pediatric audiologic assessment is which of the following?
• What does the acronym CROS stand for in hearing-aid technology?
• Which history item does NOT indicate an increased risk for hearing impairment in a 7-year-old?
• Which inventory is designed to capture patient preferences and goals for rehabilitation but can be lengthy?
• A child with a moderate SNHL who has difficulty understanding speech in noise would most benefit from a system configured to:
• Under HIPAA, which form is required before releasing a spouse's hearing test results to the husband?
• Why is real-ear-to-coupler difference (RECD) especially important in infant hearing-aid fittings?
• Elicitation of an acoustic reflex at a hearing level better than that obtained with voluntary behavioral responses suggests the presence of which condition?
• Which test measures tympanic membrane impedance to assess middle-ear function?
• Which ABR finding would most strongly suggest a retrocochlear lesion?
• Which tympanogram finding is most consistent with middle-ear effusion?
• To ensure validity when implementing a hearing-conservation program under OSHA, threshold testing must be conducted where?
• Which assessment tool was used to measure speech recognition in noise in the head-angle study?
• An 8-week-old child with normal tympanograms and present acoustic reflexes at 1000 Hz at 90 dB HL requires which next step to estimate hearing sensitivity?
• Which maneuver is commonly used to diagnose BPPV by provoking positional vertigo and nystagmus?
• In real-ear sound pressure level measurements using a probe microphone, insufficient probe-tube depth will most likely cause which effect on the measured high-frequency response?
• Which test would be appropriate to confirm that a patient's responses reflect true thresholds when traumatic brain injury may affect test directions?
• The AI-DI score for directional microphones is described as?
• Which communication approach would be best for a 2-year-old with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss after meningitis, given prior speech development and positive response to amplification?
• Which evaluation measure is most valid and reliable for obtaining information about a typically developing 9‑month‑old infant's hearing sensitivity across 500 to 4000 Hz?
• What is the primary function of directional microphones in hearing aids?
• In listening training as part of adult aural rehabilitation, the patient is trained to:
• In a classroom, the primary advantage of using an FM system with the receiver connected to the student's hearing aid(s) is that it:
• The primary benefit of coupling a personal FM system to a hearing aid is to improve speech understanding by enhancing which parameter?
• The audiologist explains a patient's hearing impairment and the function of a hearing aid. This describes which type of counseling?
• Which test is most directly used to assess middle-ear function and aid differentiation of conductive versus sensorineural hearing loss?
• Which test would yield information of greatest importance for an adult with a very large interaural difference in hearing thresholds (one ear 90 dB HL, other ear normal)?
• A clinician tracks progress of a cochlear-implant user under audition-plus-vision conditions by using magazine articles, collecting data for 15 minutes daily. The words-per-minute scores vary. What is the most likely reason for this variation?
• In an audiometric test, the left ear shows no acoustic reflex with both contralateral and ipsilateral stimulation, while the right ear shows reflexes. What is the most likely cause?
• Diagnostic audiometers generally provide one-third-octave masking noise bands for use in masking pure tones. This bandwidth is used because bands of that width
• An electronystagmography evaluation shows that responses to right-warm/right-cool caloric irrigations are 12 percent weaker than left-warm/left-cool. How should this be reported?
• For a patient with dementia and reduced manual dexterity, which amplification option is most practical due to ease of use and low risk of misplacing the device?
• A language-stimulation program for a 6-month-old infant newly identified as having a hearing impairment should
• Which combination of cues is most relevant for localizing high-frequency sounds?
• What is the primary purpose of Visual Reinforcement in Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA) testing?
• By approximately what age is a spoken vocabulary of about 50 words typical?
• Which observation would most suggest Eustachian tube dysfunction as the cause of conductive hearing loss in a patient with cleft lip/palate?
• During tympanometry, a seal is lost intermittently when swallowing; large external canal volume; most likely cause?
• Chorda tympani is a branch of which cranial nerve?
• Under OSHA regulations, a standard threshold shift on an annual audiogram is defined as a change in hearing threshold relative to baseline of an average of 10 dB or more at which frequencies?
• Hearing-conservation programs for children often include screening with pure tones and acoustic immittance measures, whereas adult programs rely on pure tones alone. Which statement best justifies this difference?
• OSHA regulations about maximum ambient noise levels for audiometric testing rooms are published in which document?
• If an audiologist does not account for the real-ear-to-coupler difference (RECD) during a hearing-aid fitting of a six month old, the fitting will most likely provide
• For identification audiometry with school-age children, which type of signal is specifically recommended?
• Which procedure or inventory is most likely to provide timely and reliable information about a patient's problem situations and communicative needs?
• For identification audiometry in school-age children, which type of signal should be used?
• In screening test performance, sensitivity measures which aspect?
• A patient reports low-pitched pulsatile tinnitus that fluctuates with the heartbeat and shows impedance fluctuations; which condition is most likely?
• Which hearing-aid feature would MOST benefit a patient who has trouble understanding speech in background noise?
• Why monitor vestibular function in a patient undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy?
• In the early stages of Ménière's disease, endolymph increases. Audiometrically, the hearing loss is most likely to affect which frequency range?
• What is the rationale behind caloric testing in vestibular assessment?
• An audiologist who inadvertently causes trauma during earmold impression; which statement is most accurate?
• In a contralateral masking threshold function, a plateau occurs at 75 dB HL, indicating the true test-ear threshold. Which value represents that true threshold?
• Of the following, the most likely adult candidate for a cochlear implant is one with a
• Which statement best describes American Sign Language?
• Which combination of earmold design factors contributes to emphasizing high-frequency amplification?
• Which finding most strongly suggests nonorganic hearing loss when there is a discrepancy between behavioral and test results?
• According to the inverse square law, what happens to SPL when the distance to a sound source is doubled?
• A 3-year-old with chronic ear infections had tubes placed six months ago. Current audiological battery shows normal hearing bilaterally, but tympanograms reveal a large volume in the right ear and a flat tracing with a small volume in the left ear. What is the next step?
• What is the compression ratio for the input-output function at 50 dB SPL?
• Which vestibular assessment maneuver is used to determine whether nystagmus will occur as a result of a rapid body movement?
• What method effectively eliminates the cochlear microphonic from the electrocochleographic response?
• What is the most appropriate course of action when a native Spanish speaker with limited English is tested and no Spanish materials are available?
• Among the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, which describes the situation where a person with hearing loss limits participation in activities such as going to the movies?
• A patient with sudden profound unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear has irreversible loss; what is the most logical next step for the audiologist?
• Click-evoked auditory brainstem response thresholds are most closely correlated with behavioral thresholds for which frequency range?